linux and microcontroller

Some recent posts showing that your linux box is not secure unless you installed a grub Password.
If you are an administrator of a highly sensitive server, you must do it.
To add a password for grub, first you must generate an md5 password hash using the grub-md5-crypt utility: grub-md5-crypt

The command will ask you to enter a password and offer a resulting hash value as shown below:

Password: (enter new password)
Retype password: (repeat password)
$1$s3YiK$M3lxAbqA6JLm2FbDWnClQ0

Add the resulting hash value to the file /boot/grub/menu.lst in the following format:

password --md5 $1$s3YiK$M3lxAbqA6JLm2FbDWnClQ0

To require use of the password for entering single user mode, change the value of the lockalternative variable in the file /boot/grub/menu.lst to true, as shown in the following example.

# lockalternative=true

AS per the request from my readers I am re-publishing this article

Ubuntu 9.04 Required the foll0wing steps to Run Multimedia files like MP3, AVI, Mpeg, Flash file etc...

In Ubuntu 9.04 "Jaunty jackalop", the universe, multiverse and restricted repositories are activated by default.

For installing Multimedia files you need to add medibuntu repositories.

Run the follwing in command mode it will add medibuntu repositories in your sources list

$ sudo wget http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/jaunty.list --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list

then Add the GPG Key:

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install medibuntu-keyring && sudo apt-get update

Run

$ sudo apt-get update

Now you can Install non-free-codecs

$ sudo apt-get install non-free-codecs

It will enables your system to support for MP3 and various other audio formats, unrar. Java runtime environment, Flash plugin, Microsoft fonts, w32codecs etc!

You can install more codecs and DVD Support by using

$ sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2 libxine1-ffmpeg gxine mencoder

It will help you to run DVDs, AVI files and other mpeg codecs.

Now Install Famous VLC player and Mplayer

$ sudo apt-get install vlc mplayer

You can Install following interesting and useful utilities

Audio Editing Software Audacity

$ sudo apt-get install audacity

Adobe Acrobat Reader

$sudo apt-get install acroread acroread-plugins

Here I am trying to collect the Origin of famous Linux Distributions.
Linux is Now World Wide, Most of the Countries are Trying to make their Own Distribution. In India BOSS Linux is trying to attach 18 regional language support.

Debian --> World(No official Owner)
Ubuntu --> Isle of Man( UK) (Canonical ltd.)
Mandriva --> France (Mandrake Soft.) + Brazil(Conectiva Linux)
Fedora --> USA (RedHat Corp.)
OpenSUSE --> Germany (SUSE) + US (Novell)
FreeBSD --> USA
PCLinuxOS --> USA
Gentoo Linux --> USA
CentOS --> Global
Slackware --> USA
MEPIS --> USA
Puppy Linux --> Australia
Linux Mint --> Ireland
Pardus Linux --> Turkey
Sabayon Linux --> Italy
Turbo Linux --> Japan
Miracle Linux - Japan
YOPER Linux -- New Zeland
Knoppix --> Germany
Red Flag Linux -- China
BOSS LINUX --> India

Ubuntu uses nautilus as the default file manager. You can effectively use nautilus to increase your productivity. Here I am telling about a useful hack for power users for opening folders in terminal . See the screen shot below
It allows user to open a selected folder in a terminal window by right clicking on the folder.
For installing "open in terminal" feature you need to install package "nautilus-open-terminal" .
open a terminal

$sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal

or you can use synaptic package manager.

After installing the package you have to logout and login back , Now you can right click on a folder you will get "open in Terminal option.

If you are a Network Administrator some time you need to assign more than ONE ip address (second ipaddress) to your network card of Ubuntu machine. For this you need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file by adding the following lines . See the example below and make change according to your ip address settings

#vi /etc/network/interfaces

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.0.5
netmask 255.255.255.0
network x.x.x.x
broadcast x.x.x.x
gateway x.x.x.x

auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
address 192.168.0.50
netmask 255.255.255.0
network x.x.x.x
broadcast x.x.x.x
gateway x.x.x.x

after entering the values save this file and you need to restart networking services in ubuntu using the following command to take effect of our new ipaddress.

After entering all the details you need to restart networking services using the following command

#/etc/init.d/networking restart

GCompris is a excellent educational software suite for children aged 2 to 10. Most of the activities are game orientated educational. GCompris offers more than 100 activities in differentclassifications like classified into mathematics, puzzles, computer discovery, amusement activities,strategy games, experimental activities and reading activities. Gcompris is available in more than 40 Languages.

Children can learn Basic Mouse movement, Colour Identification, Basic Asthmatic, Picture drawing and lot more.

More than 20 activities in Mathematics like calculations, geometry , numeration and Money Usage etc.

Install gcmpris in Ubuntu / Debian
Install from Synaptic or

$ sudo apt-get install gcompris

More Screen Shots

Gnomesword is a bible study tool for Linux. Latest version known as Xiphos will available now, But I have tested gnomesword and found it is good and stable. By default it is in arabic bible with english commentary. It is open-source software, and available free-of-charge to all.

To install in ubuntu
System->Administration->Synaptic package manager and search for gnomesword

also add sword-language-pack-en for English bible , lot of athor language support also available

or

open a terminal and type

$ sudo apt-get install gnomesword sword-language-pack-en

Quran Study Now Available in Linux, Arabic Quotes and English Translation. It is fully featured with advanced searching, navigation, recitation, and commentary. Principle of the Zekr project Never Profit Off The Prophet. All programs are and will always be Free and Open Source. That means that anyone can see and contribute to developing Zekr.

Howto Install Zekr in Ubuntu

System->Administration->Synaptic package manager and search for zekr

or

Open a terminal and type

$ sudo apt-get install zekr

How to Change the default "Open with" program for a file type Ubuntu Nautilus

Michel Xhaard made a good job for Linux webcam Support

The project objective is to provide Spca5xx a module for the Linux kernel with a wide support for different webcams "market"

Supporting webcams

see this site for More details

Vuurmuur is graphical front end for famous firewall software iptables. You can make complex firewall rules in simple steps. Vuurmuur supports traffic shaping, has powerful monitoring features, which allow the administrator to look at the logs, connections and bandwidth usage in realtime.

install in ubuntu (jaunty and later)
$ sudo apt-get install vuurmuur

official site http://www.vuurmuur.org/

Terminator is a useful tool for arranging Terminals. It offers more features to Your Terminal.

Features:

• Arrange terminals in a grid
• Tabs
• Drag and drop re-ordering of terminals
• Lots of keyboard shortcuts
• Config file to override gnome-terminal settings
• Simultaneous typing to arbitrary groups of terminals

For Install in Ubuntu / debian

$ sudo apt-get install terminator

manpages
$ man terminator
$ man terminator_config

More Details Here

AutoScan-Network is a network discovering and managing Tool. No Special configuration is required to scan your network.

Main Features:
•Multithreaded Scan
•Automatic network discovery
•Realtime detection of any connected equipment
•Supervision of any equipment /service (router, server, firewall, smtp, http, pop)
•Automatic detection of known operatic system (brand and version)
•Intruders detection (in intruders detection mode, all new equipments blacklisted) •
•Telnet Client •
•Vnc Client

How to install autoscan-network in ubuntu / Debian
Download the package from Here
Unzip the tar.gz file in a folder
Official site here
then execute the .bin file
( installation is very simple just double click on files)

Rapache is a utility used for remotely managing Apache webserver.
Rapache is a free software, developed with Python + GTK, usong this utility you can very easily create a virtual host, enabling / disabling modules and quickly review the logs etc.

For installing rapache in ubuntu / debian

open a terminal

$ sudo apt-get install rapache ( or use synaptic package manager)

see https://launchpad.net/rapache for more details

In the very first day of my python study, I wondered!!!
Some time we need to share files to other systems in our computer center quickly with out any tools in hand. If you have a python installation in your system, file sharing is very simple by implementing a little http server, using a single line command.

Suppose If you want to share the folder /home/shibu/ and my IP address is 192.168.0.4

open a terminal then type following
$ cd /home/shibu

$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer

Now your http server will start in port 8000
( You will get a message - Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8000 ... )

Now you can open a browser in the remote machine and type the following in the address bar

http://192.168.0.4:8000

If you are a network administrator it is very useful, normal users can also use this trick.

you can test it locally by using
http://127.0.0.1:8000

Smile is a simple tool for creating Video Slide show in Linux.

First you have to install smile-data using gdebi package manager
Download Smile-data From here
(9.6 MB)

After that Install Smile
Download Smile from here
(1.1 MB)

gshutdown is a Graphical Shutdown Utility, you can set the shutdown /restart time graphically. Beginners can easily schedule shutdown time using this utility.

$ sudo apt-get install gshutdown ( or use synaptic package manager)

Desktop Drapes will change your wallpaper randomly. It will select wallpaper from a list, or you can point it to a directory.

$ sudo apt-get install drapes

jkiwi is a very unique software ever seen in linux. It won the national open source contest in Portugal. It can be used for hairstyling, concealer paint, eye shadows, blush, contact lenses for eye colors, change lip colors. Yes you can share it with your friend after loading it in your laptop.

Kiwi works best with images in .jpg or .png format and you should use a vertical image in one of the resolutions (480x640, 600x800, 768x1024). Larger images is not recomended due to memory size and overall application speed.

How to install jkiwi in ubuntu / debian
Download the .deb file from here (32 MB in size)
now
$ sudo dpkg -i jkiwi_0.9.5_ubuntu.deb
official site
It requires jre 5 or greater to run.

FOSS Community knows what stuff people looking for!!!
I Cannot Believe, But it is true, because I have Tested this package in my ubuntu box and removed it . It is looking for an entry in Gnome. It is a sourceforge project !!! Click to enlarge the picture (my screen shot) for understanding How much serious it is!!
See the project description
Fast and Easy P-o-r-n Downloader

Gnaughty is a program to automatically download a-d-u-l-t s-e-x content, i.e. p-o-r-n movies and pictures, from a known Internet porn directory.

Providing a friendly interface, users who feel like having some p-o-r-n can have it served fastly and directly to their desktop.

Beware Network Administrators

IT WILL EAT YOUR BANDWIDTH !!!!!!

http://gnaughty.sourceforge.net/

Finding Duplicate files in linux is a difficult job. FSlint is a very good utility for find and clean duplicate file in linux. FSlint can use for one click removal of duplicate files, empty folders, temporary files, check the packages installed, incorrect connections etc..

For Installing FSlint in Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install fslint ( it is version 2.26)

Install latest version
wget http://www.pixelbeat.org/fslint/fslint_2.40-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i fslint_2.40-1_all.deb

For Fedora and Readhat
wget http://www.pixelbeat.org/fslint/fslint-2.40-2.noarch.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh fslint-2.40-2.noarch.rpm

Very good effort from sonic84. See Large picture here
Picture includes most of all Hardware Parts, Connectors, Sockets, Modules etc... Click to enlarge
original site

Before Upgrading your Computers Memory capacity, You have to check maximum memory capacity of your system supports.
see this also

How to check your maximum memory capacity

it is simple
$ sudo dmidecode | grep Maximum

output

Maximum Size: 32 KB
Maximum Size: 4096 KB
Maximum Size: 0 KB
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB

Windows will overwrite the grub boot loader , So You cannot access Linux partition after Windows Installation.
Tools Required : Ubuntu LiveCD

First you have to boot your system with a ununtu LIVECD

Then Open a terminal ( Applications --> Accessories --> Terminal)


($sudo -i Will give # Prompt then you can avoid sudo in every command)


Now you can start
$ sudo grub this will give you a new prompt

Type the command
> find /boot/grub/stage1 This will give you a output like (hd0,2) in this case it will vary depends on your system

> root(hd0,2) ( use your hd number and there is no space between root and (hd0,2)

now type
> setup (hd0,2)

then
> quit
Now you can restart your system

DarkStat is a simple Packet Sniffing Network Traffic/Bandwidth monitoring Tool for Ubuntu and other Linux distributions. DarkStat gives simple web based output with nice graphs and statistics , it will automatically refreshed. Darkstat uses a very low footprint and the memory, CPU usage.

How to install darkstat in Ubuntu / debian
$ sudo apt-get install darkstat ( or use Synaptic package manager)

For Running darkstat
$ sudo darkstat -i eth0
or for wireless
$ sudo darkstat -i wlan0
Now darkstat will start and run in background (You will not get any output now!!!!!)

Open your Browser
type http://127.0.0.1:667 in address bar

Cutter is tool used for disconnecting an TCP/IP connection. Some time Network administrators want to stop some specific services like ssh, chat. Cutter is a very useful utility for network administrators for blocking high bandwidth consuming services, peer-to-peer Service etc. It is a firewall administrators tool, so use in firewall / router machines.

$ sudo apt-get install cutter (or use synaptic package Manager)

cutter ipaddress1 [ port1 [ ipaddress2 [ port2 ] ] ]

You can use netstat for finding the connection.

Stop all ssh connection between 192.168.0.1 and server
$ sudo cutter 192.168.0.1 22

Stop all ssh connection between 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2
$ sudo cutter 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.2 22

Stop all connections between 192.168.0.1 and server
$ sudo cutter 192.168.0.1

official Site

Nikto is an Open Source (GPL) web server scanner which scans your webserver against more than 3500 dangerous files/CGIs, outdated version checking, It has a very good plugin support
Official site
To install in ubuntu / debian
$ sudo apt-get install nikto

Full installation of nikto will offer lot of options
$ nikto will give the list of options

For simple test

$ sudo nikto -h www.yoursite.com

output will we like this
abc@abc-desktop:~$ sudo nikto -h www.xxxx.com
- Nikto v2.03/2.04
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP: 210.222.232.234 (fake value)
+ Target Hostname: www.xxxx.com
+ Target Port: 80
+ Start Time: 2009-07-17 22:06:29
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: Apache/2.2.9 (Debian) PHP/5.2.6-1+lenny3 with Suhosin-Patch mod_perl/2.0.4 Perl/v5.10.0
- Allowed HTTP Methods: GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS, TRACE
+ OSVDB-877: HTTP method ('Allow' Header): 'TRACE' is typically only used for debugging and should be disabled. This message does not mean it is vulnerable to XST.
+ OSVDB-0: ETag header found on server, inode: 3965147, size: 2857, mtime: 0x433a88acc26c0
+ PHP/5.2.6-1+lenny3 appears to be outdated (current is at least 5.2.6RC4)
+ mod_perl/2.0.4 appears to be outdated (current is at least 5.8)

Explore / Browse Files with admin Privileges in ubuntu do the following steps

Sometime we want to manage files with admin privilege . Here a easy way to do this.
Make a application launcher for this purpose.
Right click on empty part of Menu bar and select "Add to Panel "

Now You will get a pop up menu
Select Custom Application Launcher and click on Add

Now a Pop up Window will appear
Select Type as Application and Command must gksu nautilus
After filling the fields Press OK
You will get an icon at Menubar, When you click on that icon it will ask for root password.
and run nautilus in admin mode.

mz (Mausezahn) is a versatile packet creation and network traffic generation tool. Using this tool You can Jam a Network.

This utility is used for Stress Testing of Networks and Firewall Testing. also for Finding weaknesses in network software or appliances.

Canonical does not provide updates for mz. Some updates may be provided by the Ubuntu community.
Don't Try to make headache to your Network Administartor

$ sudo apt-get install mz

this will send a specified packet to a destination port
$ sudo mz eth0 -t udp "sp=1, dp=80, p=aa:ff:00:11:22:33"
sp: source port dp: destination port p: packet

Flooding a network ,

Inject infinite frames as fast as possible:

$ mz eth0 -c 0 "aa bb cc dd ...."

Inject 100,000 frames with a 50 msec interval:

$ mz eth0 -c 100000 -d 50msec "aa bb cc dd ...."

I have purposefully made some simple mistakes in commands

slay is a command line utility used for killing all the processes used by a particular User. Some users will leave with out logingout, some kid users will use heavy games and stay it in background. slay will kill all the processes for such conditions. The main problem is , slay will not give any warning if you have unsaved documents!!! So take care and use it effectively, good tool for system administrators.

use synaptic or apt for installing slay in ubuntu / debian

$ sudo apt-get install slay

Usage

$ sudo slay varkala will kill all the processes of user varkala.

For Locking User from command Line

$ sudo usermod -L varkala This will Lock user account named varkala

For Locking User from command Line

$ sudo usermod -U varkala This will UnLock user account named varkala

List Memory Usage in Kilobyte
$ free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 2042788 839976 1202812 0 35992 399284
-/+ buffers/cache: 404700 1638088
Swap: 4462644 0 4462644

$ free -m for display usage in Megabyte
$ free -b for display in usage in Blocks

$ free -s 5 Ddisplay memory usage every 5 seconds continuously

Webmin is a web based magical Graphical front end for System administration in Unix and Linux. You can manage User accounts, Printers, servers like squid, apache, dhcp, DNS and a Lot More .
For Installing Webmin in Ubuntu / Debian do the following Steps.

First You have to install the following dependencies

$ sudo apt-get install perl libnet-ssleay-perl openssl libauthen-pam-perl libpam-runtime libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl

Now you can download deb Package and install it
deb package is available here

After down loading deb file you can install it using

$ sudo dpkg --install webmin_1.480_all.deb

After Installation webmin can be run using a Firefox

Open firefox and type the following in address bar
https://127.0.0.1:10000 (Not http:// it is https://)

Now it will ask for some Security certificate issues, You can blindly give anything if you are not in a critical system.

Now webmin ask for username and password you can use your Linux username and password.

Official Website of webmin

Following Links Help Engineering Students to find Seminar Topics

http://edufive.com/seminartopics.html

http://seminars4you.wordpress.com

http://techalone.com/

http://www.crazyengineers.com

Thoggen is DVD ripping utility for Linux based on GTK+

It has a very nice Graphical front end

• Supports title preview, picture cropping, and picture resizing.

• Language Selection for audio track (no subtitle support yet though)

• Encodes into Ogg/Theora video

• Can encode from local directory with video DVD files

• Based on the GStreamer multimedia framework, which makes it fairly easy to add additional encoding formats/codecs in future.

Thoggen supports opening DVD and DVD ISO images or reading a DVD directory which contains the VIDEO_TS folder. In the case of encrypted DVDs you may need libdvdcss2. Install this using help from here

To install thoggen in ubuntu

$ sudo apt-get install thoggen

Famous Shooter Game Alien Arena 2009 is released. Screen shots
More Details Click Here
Download Linux Version alienarena2009-linux20090616.zip Size : 272 MB

How to install gambas in ubuntu

Gambas, is a free software development enviroment based from basic interpreter and works just like Microsoft Visual Basic in windows! With gambas, we can design GUI or a program by using QT or GTK+, MySQL, Firebird, ODBC, and SQLLite database also to translate any 3D OpenGL application and web application CGI. with lot of features.

Add Repository deb http://azores.linex.org/gambas-other/ jaunty main

( System > Administration> Software Sources > Third-Party Software. Click the "add" button to add a new repositories and paste this following code:
deb http://azores.linex.org/gambas-other/ jaunty main

$ sudo apt-get install gambas2

How to Change the appearance of Login Screen in Ubuntu 9.04

Some of my friends asked me , how to change login screen
Go to System-> Administration-> Login Window and enter the administrator password

Now You can see a windows like this
Select tab Local

select the screen you like.

Speed launch your Ubuntu using the following steps

Stop unnecessary Applications and Services that start automatically at boot time.

First Stop the unnecessary softwares that starts at boot time.

System -> Preferences -> Applications startup, a window like the following,

Safely de-select the applications that you want are not started automatically, when you have finished click "Close."

Cancel the automatic start of unnecessary services
Go to System -> Administration -> Services and click in the unlock when prompted to enter the password
Now de-select the services that you don't need at start time.
You can de-select the following
1. Power Management (acpid) - only useful if you use a laptop or a Netbook.
2. Bluetooth device management (blutooth) - you can disable if you do not have bluetooth.
3. Management shortcut keys (hotkey-setup) - if you do not use shortcuts on the keyboard you can disable it.
4. Management Braille display - if you do not need the Braille display so you can disable.

after this click on "Close."

d4x ( Downloader for X) is a good download manager for ubuntu. It supports HTTP, HTTPs and FTP Protocols. It also supports proxy and SOCKS5 . Its features includes recursive downloading, wildcard matching, download scheduler, multiple download queues and more.

$ sudo apt-get install d4x

Multimedia Support in Fedora 11

Because of Copywrite and license issues Fedora 11 cannot include Multimedia support like MP3 and DVD Playback and Adobe Flash Player

You can Run MP3 and other Multimedia files in Fedora 11 , follow the steps

Open a terminal and become root ( using su command), then run this command:

rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm

Now, Install all other plug ins..

# yum -y install gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-plugins-ugly xine-lib-extras-nonfree

After installation, open Amarok or any other multimedia player and try to play the mp3 file and see if all goes fine and your system is ready to play Music.

To run DVD, QuickTime, AVI, and DVDs

# yum install xine xine-lib libdvdcss

Now Your Fedora 11 is Multimedia Ready

Lightning Boot Speed

Fedora aims to startup or Getting login screen (GNOME) in 20 seconds or less. It is achived by using kernel mode setting (KMS). Probably it will beat Ubuntu 9.04.

Automatic Font and Mime Installer

It is a good feature for beginners, It will help users to automatically install applications, fonts, multimedia codecs and clipart in just a few clicks. If you try to play an unsupported media file, open an unknown file, or use fonts that are not suitable it will give a pop up window. This s achived by using Enhancements to the PackageKit cross-distribution package manager,



Flexible and Easy-to-use Volume Control
To make volume control more user-friendly, Fedora 11 will introduce a revised volume control and sound user interfaces.


Significant RPM Update
RPM 4.7 has very much improved over its previous version in terms of performance. Memory consumption has been reduced a lot. A test-case of "everything install" of Fedora 10 used to top at near 1.5GB memory consumption, now the peak with the same package set is just over 300MB.

Improved Power Management
Laptop and netbook users will have a good reason to use Fedora 11 since the developers are working hard on saving battery power consumption. With the use of new measuring tools, they were able to locate power hungry applications that led to tuned daemon, which can automatically set the power saving levels.

EXT4
Use of the new EXT4 filesystem as the default

Cross-compiling Windows
Support for cross-compiling Windows applications directly on Fedora using the MinGW environment


Additional new features are said to include a new "Archer" Gdb development branch for C++ and Python, an automatic bug-reporting tool, and improved support for fingerprint readers. Application updates include Gnome 2.26, KDE 4.2, Xfce 4.6, GCC 4.4, NetBeans IDE 6.5, Python 2.6, Thunderbird 3, and Firefox 3.1.

You can do Linux rescue work using Recovery Is Possible (RIP) is a Slackware-based Bootable CD . It will support lot of filesystems (Reiserfs, ext2, ext3, UDF, iso9660, XFS, HPFS, NTFS, DOS and VFAT). It will also support Harddisk Types IDE, SATA, SCSI, PCMCIA, RAID, LVM2, and Network like Ethernet,DSL,cable,PPP,PPPOE. This Cd is equiped with a very good collection of recovery utilities.

Some of RIPLinux Tools:

* ssh/sshd, mutt, links, fetchmail , wget, msmtp, lftp, Firefox
* cdrwtool, mkudffs and pktsetup for optical media.
* system Tools : lshw, atop, htop, dmesg, dmidecode, mount utility
* HDD / Partition Tools : fdisk, Ghost, cfdisk For Linux, GParted, Grub, Partimage, Testdisk
* fsck.reiserfs and 'fsck.reiser4 to check and repair filesystem ReiserFS
* jfs_fsck to check and repair a Linux file system JFS.
* e2fsck to check and repair a Linux file system ext2 or ext3.
* ntfsresize for resizing the Windows NTFS without losing data.
* ntfs-3g to write to Windows NTFS.
* chntpw can view information and user passwords on Windows systems.
* cmospwd allows you to retrieve password from CMOS / BIOS.

Download ISO
More Details and screen shots

Prism , Single-serving Browser for Web Application from Mozilla

Mozilla Labs recently released the 1.0 beta of Prism. Prism is a XULRunner-based browser designed to run Web applications. It is not a standalone web browser, It will run your web applications like gmail, googledocs smoothly.

more details here

$ sudo apt-get install prism
For running prism
Applications --> Internet --Prism

Now you can enter url of web application , in name field enter anything . here I have used gmail.com , enter into gmail with your username and password now open googledocs, now you will get real new feel of Prism.

If you Like to use Linux in your Internet Cafe, LTSP is the best solution, You can also reuse your old computers even with out harddisk and also use low cost thin clients. For using old computers, you need some technical knowledge for installing Boot ROMs in your Network card. If you using a newer machine with PXE boot, Just install LTSP server and and set PXE Boot to tour Client.

A very good tutorial for installing LTSP Server You can see here

How to instal LAMP server in ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalop)

The following is the Easy way to Install LAMP server
Same can be used for installing DNS Server, DHCP Server etc

$sudo tasksel

Now you will get a window

Select LAMP server and Go

Install PHP and Mysql in ubuntu linux is very easy

First You have to install Apache Webserver
After that you can Install PHP and Mysql

Open a Terminal using Applications--> Accessories --> Terminal

Then You will get $ prompt
Do the following

$ sudo apt-get install apache2 ( If you have already installed apache Omit this line)
$ sudo apt-get install php5
$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
$ sudo apt-get install php5-mysql
$ sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now You can write your php scripts and put it into the folder /var/www

Now you can install PHPMYADMIN a very useful front end utility for managing Mysql

$ sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

If your harddisk reports error or if your fsck fails Try thr following before calling a hardware person.

Boot with a live CD

then Try

$ sudo e2fsck -C0 -p -f -v /dev/sda1 (change /dev/sda1 with your device)

use
$ sudo fdisk -l to find the device

The Ubuntu Linux insists on checking the partition every 30 boots (30 Mounts) ,It is for safty. You can change this by using

$sudo tune2fs -c 60 /dev/sda1 (/dev/sda1 is in the case of my system)

to only do this every 60 boots.

Identify your partition list by using

$sudo fdisk -l

Great Collection of Beautiful Desktop Wallpapers for Ubuntu. You can download more than 50 wallpapers from here

Click to the above image to view the post. There is a chance for missing some symbols , So Post it as image.